BIBLIOGRAFIA PROPOLEOS ANTIBIOTICO
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| 1: Rev Bras Enferm. 2005 Mar-Apr;58(2):208-13. |
[Wound treatment:
scientific production analysis published in the Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem
from 1970-2003]
[Article in Portuguese]
Pereira
AL, Bachion
MM.
Aluna do Programa de Pos-Graduacao Mestrado em Enfermagem, da Faculdade de
Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Goias. ginha.ange@bol.com.br
This systematic review aimed to analyze the scientific production concerning
the use of products in the treatment of wounds, published by REBEn from 1970
to 2003. We consulted all numbers of the journal published in the period,
identifying 41 articles of interest. After an appraisal reading we included
11 papers in the sample. We identified a larger publication in the decade
of 1990, prevailing authors of the attendance area, almost-experimental plan
and experience repor. The studied products were papain, propolis, sugar,
| 2: Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2005 Nov;26(5):343-56. |
Antimicrobial activity
of flavonoids.
Cushnie
TP, Lamb
AJ.
Flavonoids are ubiquitous in photosynthesising cells and are commonly found
in fruit, vegetables, nuts, seeds, stems, flowers, tea, wine, propolis and
honey. For centuries, preparations containing these compounds as the principal
physiologically active constituents have been used to treat human diseases.
Increasingly, this class of natural products is becoming the subject of anti-infective
research, and many groups have isolated and identified the structures of flavonoids
possessing antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial activity. Moreover, several
groups have demonstrated synergy between active flavonoids as well as between
flavonoids and existing chemotherapeutics. Reports of activity in the field
of antibacterial flavonoid research are widely conflicting, probably owing
to inter- and intra-assay variation in susceptibility testing. However, several
high-quality investigations have examined the relationship between flavonoid
structure and antibacterial activity and these are in close agreement. In
addition, numerous research groups have sought to elucidate the antibacterial
mechanisms of action of selected flavonoids. The activity of quercetin, for
example, has been at least partially attributed to inhibition of DNA gyrase.
It has also been proposed that sophoraflavone G and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate
inhibit cytoplasmic membrane function, and that licochalcones A and C inhibit
energy metabolism. Other flavonoids whose mechanisms of action have been investigated
include robinetin, myricetin, apigenin, rutin, galangin, 2,4,2'-trihydroxy-5'-methylchalcone
and lonchocarpol A. These compounds represent novel leads, and future studies
may allow the development of a pharmacologically acceptable antimicrobial
agent or class of agents.
Publication Types:
· Review
PMID: 16323269 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 3: Am J Kidney Dis. 2005 Dec;46(6):e125-9. |
Acute renal
failure induced by a Brazilian variety of propolis.
Li YJ, Lin
JL, Yang
CW, Yu CC.
Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Propolis is a resinous substance collected by honeybees and used in hive construction
and maintenance. Cumulative evidence suggests that propolis may have anti-inflammatory,
antibiotic, antioxidant, antihepatotoxic, and antitumor properties. In addition
to topical applications, products containing propolis have been used increasingly
as dietary supplements. Although reports of allergic reactions are not uncommon,
propolis is reputed to be relatively nontoxic. Its systemic toxicity is rarely
reported and hence may be underestimated. This is the first report of propolis-induced
acute renal failure. A 59-year-old man required hemodialysis for acute renal
failure. The patient had cholangiocarcinoma and had ingested propolis for
2 weeks before presentation. Renal function improved after propolis withdrawal,
deteriorated again after reexposure, and then returned to a normal level after
the second propolis withdrawal. This case indicates that propolis can induce
acute renal failure and emphasizes the need for vigilance and care when propolis
is used as a medicine or dietary supplement.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16310564 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 4: J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Nov 16;53(23):8957-62. |
Evaluation
of the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, mutagenicity, and antimutagenicity of propolis
from Tucuman, Argentina.
Nieva Moreno MI,
Zampini IC, Ordonez RM, Jaime GS, Vattuone MA,
Isla MI.
Instituto de Estudios Vegetales Dr Antonio Rodolfo Sampietro, Facultad de
Bioquimica, Quimica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Ayacucho
461, 4000 San Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina.
This study evaluates the toxic,
genotoxic/mutagenic, and antimutagenic effects of propolis extract from Amaicha
del Valle,
| 5: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2005 Aug;100(5):563-6. Epub 2005 Sep 15. |
Propolis:
anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity and synergism with antimicrobial drugs.
Fernandes Junior A,
Balestrin EC,
Betoni JE, Orsi Rde O, da Cunha Mde L,
Montelli AC.
Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade
Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Unesp, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. ary@ibb.unesp.br
Propolis is a natural resinous substance collected by bees from tree exudates
and secretions. Its antimicrobial
activity has been investigated and inhibitory action on Staphylococcus aureus
growth was evaluated. The in vitro synergism between ethanolic extract of
propolis (EEP) and antimicrobial drugs by two susceptibility tests (Kirby
and Bauer and E-Test) on 25 S. aureus strains was evaluated. Petri dishes
with sub-inhibitory concentrations of EEP were incubated with 13 drugs using
Kirby and Bauer method and synergism between EEP and five drugs [choramphenicol
(CLO), gentamicin (GEN), netilmicin (NET), tetracycline (TET), and vancomycin
(VAN)] was observed. Nine drugs were assayed by the E-test method and five
of them exhibited a synergism [CLO, GEN, NET, TET, and clindamycin (CLI)].
The results demonstrated the synergism between EEP and antimicrobial drugs,
especially those agents that interfere on bacterial protein synthesis.
PMID: 16184236 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 6: J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Oct 3;101(1-3):243-8. |
Detection
of galangin-induced cytoplasmic membrane damage in Staphylococcus aureus by
measuring potassium loss.
Cushnie
TP, Lamb
AJ.
Galangin is one of the active antimicrobial principles of propolis or 'bee
glue' and Helichrysum aureonitens, a perennial herb used by South African
indigenes to treat infection. The effect of this compound and antibacterial
agents with known mechanisms of action upon the cytoplasmic membrane integrity
of Staphylococcus aureus was investigated by comparing potassium loss profiles
from bacterial cell suspensions. Using an agar dilution assay, the minimum
inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the flavonol galangin, the bacteriostatic
antibiotic novobiocin and the bactericidal antibiotic penicillin G against
Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571 were determined as being 50 microg/mL, 62.5
ng/mL and 31.3 ng/mL, respectively. When 5x10(7)cfu/mL Staphylococcus aureus
were suspended in 'potassium-free' media containing 50 microg/mL galangin,
a 60-fold decrease in viability was observed after 12 h. Populations of 1x10(9)
cfu/mL Staphylococcus aureus incubated for 12 h in 50 microg/mL galangin lost
21% more potassium than untreated control populations. Novobiocin had no effect
on potassium loss, but populations incubated in 31.3 ng/mL penicillin G exhibited
a 6% increase in potassium loss. This data clearly demonstrates that galangin
causes a significant increase in potassium loss from Staphylococcus aureus
cells, which may be attributed to either direct damage to the cytoplasmic
membrane or indirect damage effected through autolysis/weakening of the cell
wall and consequent osmotic lysis.
| 7: Phytother Res. 2005 Mar;19(3):198-202. |
Antibacterial
effect of plant extracts against Helicobacter pylori.
Nostro A, Cellini L, Di Bartolomeo S,
Di Campli E,
Grande R, Cannatelli MA,
Marzio L, Alonzo V.
Pharmaco-Biological Department,
University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of plant extracts
as alternative and[sol ]or as active agents supporting antibiotics for treating
Helicobacter pylori infection. The effect of either, ethanolic or aqueous
extracts from 17 plant materials were studied against one H. pylori standard
strain and 11 clinical isolates using a disc diffusion test and by evaluating
the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on solid media. An inhibitory activity
against H. pylori strains was recorded in a large percentage of tested plants.
MIC values of ethanolic extracts were from two to four concentration steps
lower than the aqueous ones. In particular, ethanolic extracts of Cuminum
cyminum L. and Propolis expressed MIC90 values of 0.075 mg/mL. The results
show a significant in vitro effect of plant extracts against H. pylori that
could be considered a valuable support in the treatment of the infection and
may contribute to the development of new and safe agents for inclusion in
anti-H. pylori regimens. Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PMID: 15934015 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 8: Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2005 May;89(2):127-32. |
Propolis
solution for the treatment of chronic vaginitis.
Imhof M, Lipovac M, Kurz Ch, Barta J, Verhoeven HC,
Huber JC.
Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, AKH Vienna, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. martin.imhof@akh.ac.at
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of 5% propolis solution in recurrent vaginitis.
METHOD: Fifty-four patients with recurrent vaginal infections having undergone
at least one cycle of antibiotic treatment were instructed to apply a 5% aqueous
propolis solution as a vaginal douche for seven days. Vaginal smears and specific
symptoms were evaluated at baseline and 14 days after treatment. Long-term
well-being was assessed by telephone interview six months after follow-up.
RESULT: At the follow-up, the vaginal smears of 41 patients (75.9%) had improved.
Forty-seven patients (87%) reported reliefs concerning at least one complaint.
Associated improvement of smear and well-being was observed in 36 women (66.7%).
After 6 months, 33 patients (61.1%) were satisfied with their condition without
having undergone further treatment. CONCLUSION: Propolis may have a role as
an alternative treatment for chronic vaginal infection.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15847875 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 9: Phytomedicine. 2005 Mar;12(3):221-8. |
Antibacterial activity
of Turkish propolis and its qualitative and quantitative chemical composition.
Popova
M, Silici
S, Kaftanoglu
O, Bankova
V.
The antibacterial activity of propolis from different regions of
| 10: Contact Dermatitis. 2005 Feb;52(2):96-101. |
Rosacea and
contact allergy to cosmetics and topical medicaments--retrospective analysis
of multicentre surveillance data 1995-2002.
Jappe
U, Schnuch
A, Uter
W.
Department of Dermatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
uta_jappe@med.uni-heidelberg.de
The role of contact allergy in rosacea has rarely been investigated. In this
retrospective study, 361 out of 76,697 patients tested and documented by the
Information Network of Departments of Dermatology between 1995 and 2002 had
rosacea. Patch tests included standard series and constituents of cosmetics
and topical medicaments. 118/361 had additionally been patch tested with their
own cosmetics/medicaments. Positive reactions occurred to nickel (II) sulfate
in 9.3%, fragrance mix in 8.8%, thimerosal in 6.9%, Myroxylon pereirae resin
in 5.9%, potassium dichromate in 4.6% and propolis in 2.8%. Whereas rosacea
patients had a significantly higher risk of contact allergy to propolis compared
to the remaining patients, in an age- and sex-adjusted analysis, contact allergy
to nickel was significantly less frequent in this group. For Lyral, the risk
was elevated, albeit not significantly. Only 2/329 patients were positive
to neomycin sulfate and 1/100 to gentamicin sulfate, among the panel of (topical)
antibiotics tested. Among 118 patients tested with their own products, 3 were
tested to metronidazole, 1 reacting positively. Irritant or doubtful patch
test reactions were provoked by various substances (vehicles, oxidants and
preservatives of various creams), which might also be clinically important,
considering the heightened sensitivity of rosaceous skin.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15725288 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 11: J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Feb 23;53(4):1166-72. |
Some chemical
composition and biological activity of northern Argentine propolis.
Isla MI, Paredes-Guzman JF,
Nieva-Moreno MI,
Koo H, Park YK.
Department of Food Science, College
of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6177, 13083-970,
Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Twenty-five samples of propolis were collected from seven different regions
in northern
PMID: 15713035 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 12: Fitoterapia. 2004 Dec;75(7-8):683-9. |
New polyisoprenylated
benzophenones from Venezuelan propolis.
Trusheva B, Popova M, Naydenski H,
Tsvetkova I,
Gregorio Rodriguez J,
Bankova V.
Two new polyisoprenylated benzophenones, 18-ethyloxy-17-hydroxy-17,18-dihydroscrobiculatone
A and 18-ethyloxy-17-hydroxy-17,18-dihydroscrobiculatone B, together with
the known scrobiculatones A and B, were isolated from Venezuelan propolis.
The scrobiculatones A and B showed significant antibacterial activity and
moderate toxicity to Artemia salina nauplii.
PMID: 15567244 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 13: FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2004 Nov 1;240(1):111-6. |
Galangin
expresses bactericidal activity against multiple-resistant bacteria: MRSA,
Enterococcus spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Pepeljnjak
S, Kosalec
I.
The antimicrobial activity of three propolis ethanol extracts (EEP) was examined
for various Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial species, including multiple-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.
EEP had a good bactericidal activity against Gram-positive species, and all
multiple-resistant bacterial strains tested were sensitive to EEP. Minimal
inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were lower in samples of higher flavonoid
content (from 0.65 to 7.81 mg mL(-1)), indicating the influence of the concentration
of some potent bactericidal compound(s) in propolis or synergism among some
bactericidal compounds. Antimicrobial-guided separation of flavonoid aglycones
(bioassay in situ on thin-layer chromatogram) showed that galangin (3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone)
is one compound in EEP with bactericidal activity. Galangin was isolated by
preparative chromatography. After determining the quantity present, the MIC
against multiple-resistant bacteria was determined. The MIC of galangin against
multiple-resistant bacterial strains was significantly lower (from 0.16 to
0.44 mg mL(-1), p < 0.05) than that of EEP. The bactericidal activity of
galangin against P. aeruginosa strains was present at 0.17+/-0.05 mg mL(-1).
| 14: Pesqui Odontol Bras. 2004 Apr-Jun;18(2):174-9. Epub 2004 Aug 5. |
Natural medicaments
in endodontics -- a comparative study of the anti-inflammatory action.
Silva
FB, Almeida
JM, Sousa
SM.
Center of Biological Sciences and Professions of Health, University of Sacred
Heart, Bauru.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the irritant potential of propolis,
Casearia sylvestris, Otosporin and saline solution (control). Twenty-eight
male Wistar rats were selected, anesthetized and four experimental sites were
designed on their backs. Injections of 2% Evans blue were intravenously administered
in the lateral caudal vein and 0.1 ml of the tested solutions was injected
intradermally into the experimental sites. The animals were killed 1/2, 1,
3 and 6 hours after the injection of the solutions. Each piece of skin containing
the lesion was immersed in formamide and incubated at 45 masculine C for 72
h. After filtration, optical density was measured in a spectrophotometer.
Data were statistically analyzed by a 2-way non-parametric test. The highest
values of extracted dye were observed at 3 hours characterizing a peak in
the inflammatory process. Propolis was the least irritant solution. The natural
medicaments tested in this study may be a valuable alternative for endodontic
treatment.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15311323 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 15: Pharmacol Res. 2004 Mar;49(3):287-92. |
Effect of
water extract of Turkish propolis on tuberculosis infection in guinea-pigs.
Yildirim Z, Hacievliyagil S,
Kutlu NO, Aydin NE, Kurkcuoglu M,
Iraz M, Durmaz R.
Department of Pulmonary Medicine,
University of Inonu School of Medicine, Turgut Ozal Medical Centre, Kampus,
44069, Malatya, Turkey. zyildirim@inonu.edu.tr
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H(37)R(v))-infected guinea-pig model was used
to investigate the effect of water extract of propolis (WEP). After subcutaneous
inoculation of tubercle bacilli, each animal received oral WEP (n=9), isoniazid
(n=5) or saline (n=6) as placebo and were sacrificed 30 days later. Formation
of necrosis was less prominent in the group treated with WEP, but was not
statistically significant (P>0.05). The granuloma formation in the same
group was more prominent than the placebo and isoniazid groups; however, this
finding failed to reach statistical significance by the Kruskal-Wallis test
(P>0.05). These findings suggest that Turkish WEP may have a limited effect
on the development of tuberculosis infection in this guinea-pig model.
PMID: 14726226 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 16: Microbiol Res. 2003;158(4):353-7. |
In vitro antimicrobial
activity of propolis and synergism between propolis and antimicrobial drugs.
Stepanovic
S, Antic
N, Dakic
I, Svabic-Vlahovic
M.
Department of Bacteriology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School
of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
stepan@afrodita.rcub.bg.ac.yu
The aim of this study was to investigate antimicrobial properties of ethanolic
extract of 13 propolis (EEP) samples from different regions of Serbia against
39 microorganisms (14 resistant or multiresistant to antibiotics), and to
determine synergistic activity between antimicrobials and propolis. Antimicrobial
activity of propolis samples was evaluated by agar diffusion and agar dilution
method. The synergistic action of propolis with antimicrobial drugs was assayed
by the disc diffusion method on agar containing subinhibitory concentrations
of propolis. Obtained results indicate that EEP, irrespectively of microbial
resistance to antibiotics, showed significant antimicrobial activities against
Gram-positive bacteria (MIC 0.078%-1.25% of EEP) and yeasts (0.16%-1.25%),
while Gram-negative bacteria were less susceptible (1.25%-->5%). Enterococcus
faecalis was the most resistant Gram-positive bacterium, Salmonella spp. the
most resistant Gram-negative bacteria, and Candida albicans the most resistant
yeast. EEP showed synergism with selected antibiotics, and displayed ability
to enhance the activities of antifungals. The shown antimicrobial potential
of propolis alone or in combination with certain antibiotics and antifungals
is of potential medical interest.
PMID: 14717457 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 17: Clin Chim Acta. 2003 Dec;338(1-2):11-6. |
Protective
role of Egyptian propolis against tumor in mice.
El-khawaga
OA, Salem
TA, Elshal
MF.
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura City,
Egypt. elkhawaga70s@mans.edu.eg
BACKGROUND: Propolis has numerous biologic activities including antibiotic,
antifungal, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. The present work is
aimed to study the effect of crude Egyptian propolis on tumor in mice induced
by Ehrlich ascitis carcinoma (EAC) cell line. RESULTS: The administration
of propolis (160 mg/kg body weight), by gastric intubation 2 h before the
intraperitoneal injection of EAC, effectively inhibited tumor growth and the
proliferation of EAC. The tumor volume was markedly reduced from 7+/-0.9 ml
in EAC-infected mice to 1.6+/-0.95 ml in propolis-treated mice. Also, the
lipid peroxide level which was 13.3+/-1.24 nmol malodialdehyde (MDA)/mg protein
in EAC infected mice was significantly decreased to 3.3+/-2.1 nmol MDA/mg
protein. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) concentrations
were markedly increased in propolis-treated mice. This effect was associated
with inhibition of cell cycle progression and induction of apoptosis. Administration
of propolis 2 h before injection of EAC arrested cells in G0/G1 phase and
resulted in a decrease in the viability, DNA, total RNA and protein level
of tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS: Crude Egyptian propolis has a strong inhibitory
activity against tumors. The anti-tumor mechanism may be mediated by preventing
oxidative damage and induction of apoptosis.
PMID: 14637260 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 18: J Ethnopharmacol. 2003 Oct;88(2-3):189-93. |
Flavonoids
and trypanocidal activity of Bulgarian propolis.
Prytzyk E, Dantas AP, Salomao K, Pereira AS, Bankova VS, De Castro SL,
Neto FR.
Ladetec, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha
do Fundao, Cidade Universitaria, CT Bl. A, 21949-900
Acetone and ethanol extracts of two Bulgarian propolis samples (Bur and Lov)
were investigated by high temperature high resolution gas chromatography coupled
to mass spectrometry (HT-HRGC-MS), and their activity against Trypanosoma
cruzi was evaluated. The ethanol extracts--Et-Bur and Et-Lov--showed similar
composition, with a high content of flavonoids, and strong inhibitory activity
against T. cruzi proliferative epimastigotes, which were more susceptible
than trypomastigotes. In the presence of blood, the activity of Et-Bur or
Et-Lov against trypomastigotes was similar to that of the standard drug, crystal
violet. Both extracts also showed similar and significant activity against
Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, while being inactive against Escherichia
coli. The acetone extract, Ket-Bur, was more active than Et-Bur against both
forms of T. cruzi.
| 19: J Med Microbiol. 2003 May;52(Pt 5):417-9. |
Inhibition
of Helicobacter pylori growth in vitro by Bulgarian propolis: preliminary
report.
Boyanova L, Derejian S, Koumanova R,
Katsarov N, Gergova G, Mitov I, Nikolov R, Krastev Z.
Department of Microbiology, Medical
University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria. l.boyanova@lycos.com
Bee glue (propolis) possesses antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anaesthetic
and immunostimulating activities. The aim of the study was to evaluate the
inhibitory effect of Bulgarian propolis on Helicobacter pylori growth in vitro.
Activity of 30% ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) against 38 clinical isolates
of H. pylori was evaluated by using the agar-well diffusion method. Ethanol
was used as a control. In addition, the effect of propolis on the growth of
26 H. pylori and 18 Campylobacter strains was tested by the disc diffusion
method. Mean diameters of H. pylori growth inhibition by the agar-well diffusion
method, using 30, 60 or 90 microl EEP or 30 microl ethanol per well, were
17.8, 21.2, 28.2 and
| 20: J Ethnopharmacol. 2003 May;86(1):69-73. |
Antimicrobial
activity of propolis samples from two different regions of
Kartal
M, Yildiz
S, Kaya
S, Kurucu
S, Topcu
G.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06100
Ankara, Turkey. kartal@pharmacy.ankara.edu.tr
Antimicrobial activity of two propolis samples from Kazan and Marmaris regions
in
| 21: Phytother Res. 2003 Mar;17(3):285-9. |
Brazilian
propolis: physicochemical properties, plant origin and antibacterial activity
on periodontopathogens.
Santos FA, Bastos EM, Maia AB, Uzeda M, Carvalho MA,
Farias LM, Moreira ES.
Departamento de Microbiologia,
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Propolis samples collected in the dry and rainy seasons, from an experimental
apiary located in a cerrado vegetation region in
PMID: 12672164 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 22: Pol J Vet Sci. 2002;5(4):223-5. |
Investigation on
the inhibition of Campylobacter jejuni growth with the applications of some
preservatives, medicines, herbs and herb preparations.
Uradzinski
J, Szteyn
J, Kafel
S.
Department of Animal Products Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University
of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland. janurad@moskit.uwm.edu.pl
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of chosen preservatives,
medicines, herbs and herb preparations on 39 Campylobacter jejuni strains,
which were isolated from fresh poultry carcasses. De-Nol and ventrisol were
used in the original concentration. Propolis, propolan, artecholin and aukalen
were of pharmacies origin. The rest of substances examined were 10% water
solutions. Out of 11 substances examined, potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate,
De-Nol and ventrisol exerted the strongest inhibitory action on Campylobacter
jejuni.
PMID: 12512554 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 23: Fitoterapia. 2002 Nov;73 Suppl 1:S1-6. |
Propolis,
an old remedy used in modern medicine.
Castaldo
S, Capasso
F.
Department of I.N.P.S. of Naples, via Medina 63, Naples, Italy.
Propolis is one of the few natural remedies that has maintained its popularity
over a long period of time. The pharmacologically active molecules in the
propolis are flavonoids and phenolic acids and their esters. These components
have multiple effects on bacteria, fungi and viruses. In addition, propolis
and its components have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities.
Moreover, propolis has been shown to lower blood pressure and cholesterol
levels. However, clinical studies to substantiate these claims are required.
Publication Types:
· Review
PMID: 12495704 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 24: Pol J Vet Sci. 2002;5(3):197-202. |
The use of some
immunomodulators and non-antibiotic drugs in a prophylaxis and treatment of
mastitis.
Malinowski
E.
Department of Pathophysiology of Reproduction and Mammary Gland. National
Veterinary Research Institute, Powstancow Wikp, 10, 85-090
Antibiotics are widely used in treatment and prophylaxis of mastitis, but
their antibacterial and therapeutic efficacy continues to decrease. New methods
of prophylaxis of mastitis with the use of vaccines and biological response
modifiers are reviewed. Prophylactic activity of staphylococcal vaccines should
be investigated in the future because of difficulties in successful treatment
of infections caused by these organisms. Vaccination with J5 bacterin (0111:B4)
reduced duration of IMI and local signs of clinical coliform-mastitis. Some
immunomodulators proved to be effective in treatment of mastitis during lactating
period. Promising results were obtained with the use of giseng saponin, herbal
gel, herbal extracts, propolis, lysosubtilin, antibacterial proteins, and
lysozyme dimer especially.
· Review
PMID: 12448082 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 25: Z Naturforsch [C]. 2002 Mar-Apr;57(3-4):395-402. |
Egyptian propolis:
3. Antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and chemical composition of propolis
from reclaimed lands.
Hegazi
AG, Abd
El Hady FK.
Department of Parasitology, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
ahmedgaffer@mailer.suc.eun.eg
The free radical scavenging effect of two propolis samples collected from
reclaimed land,
| 26: Z Naturforsch [C]. 2002 Mar-Apr;57(3-4):386-94. |
Egyptian propolis:
2. Chemical composition, antiviral and antimicrobial activities of
Abd
El Hady FK, Hegazi
AG.
Department of Chemistry of Natural Products, National Research Center, Dokki,
Giza, Egypt.
Three propolis samples from East Nile Delta,
| 27: J Oral Sci. 2002 Mar;44(1):41-8. |
Effect of commercial
ethanol propolis extract on the in vitro growth of Candida albicans collected
from HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative Brazilian patients with oral candidiasis.
Martins RS, Pereira ES Jr,
Lima SM, Senna MI, Mesquita RA,
Santos VR.
Department of Clinical Pathology
and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Minas Gerais Federal University, Belo Horizonte,
Brazil.
The present study assessed the susceptibility of Candida albicans strains,
collected from HIV-positive patients with oral candidiasis, to a commercial
20% ethanol propolis extract (EPE) and compare it to the inhibitory action
of the standardized antifungal agents nystatin (NYS), clotrimazole (CL), econazole
(EC), and fluconazole (FL). Twelve C. albicans strains collected from HIV-positive
patients with oral candidiasis were tested. The inhibition zones were measured
with a pachimeter and the results are reported as means and standard deviation
(M +/- SD). Data were analyzed statistically by the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis
test. EPE inhibited all the C. albicans strained tested. No significant difference
was observed between the results obtained with NYS and EPE, while significant
differences were observed between EPE and other antifungals. The C. albicans
strains tested showed resistance to the remaining antifungal agents. The propolis
extract used in this study inhibited the in vitro growth of C. albicans collected
from HIV-seropositive Brazilian patients, creating/forming inhibition zones
like those ones formed by NYS. This fact suggests that commercial EPE could
be an alternative medicine in the treatment of candidiasis from HIV-positive
patients. However, in vivo studies of the effect of EPE are needed to determine
its possible effects on the oral mucosa.
PMID: 12058869 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 28: J Ethnopharmacol. 2002 Apr;80(1):1-7. |
Antibacterial
activity of Brazilian propolis and fractions against oral anaerobic bacteria.
Santos FA, Bastos EM, Uzeda M, Carvalho MA,
Farias LM, Moreira ES, Braga FC.
Departamento de Microbiologia, Laboratorio de Biologia de Microrganismos,
Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,
Caixa Postal 486, Avenida
| 29: Z Naturforsch [C]. 2001 Nov-Dec;56(11-12):1112-5. |
Antibacterial activity
and chemical composition of Turkish propolis.
Keskin
N, Hazir
S, Baser
KH, Kurkcuoglu
M.
The antibacterial activities of propolis samples have been examined in vitro,
according to the principles accepted for the determination of a similar activity
of antibiotics with the use of solid and liquid media. It has been found that
propolis extracts showed antibacterial activity through a range of commonly
encountered gram positive cocci (S. aureus, beta hem. Streptococus), but had
weak activity against gram negative bacteria (E. coli, P. aeruginosa). GC/MS
analysis showed that propolis samples contain a variety of chemical compounds
including aromatic compounds, fatty acid esters and sesquiterpenes.
| 30: Z Naturforsch [C]. 2001 Jul-Aug;56(7-8):593-6. |
New bioactive chalcones
in propolis from El Salvador.
Popova
M, Bankova
V, Spassov
S, Tsvetkova
I, Naydenski
C, Silva
MV, Tsartsarova
M.
2',3'-Dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxychalcone (1) and 2',3',4-trihydroxy-4'-methoxy-chalcone,
two new chalcones, were isolated from propolis from
| 31: Anticancer Res. 2001 May-Jun;21(3B):1665-71. |
PM-
Luo J, Soh JW, Xing WQ, Mao Y, Matsuno T, Weinstein IB.
Herbert Irving Comprehensive
Cancer Center, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, College of Physicians
and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Propolis has numerous biologic activities including antibiotic, antifungal,
antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. Several components isolated from
propolis have been shown to have anticancer activity. This study demonstrates
that the compound PM-3 (3-[2-dimethyl-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)benzopyran]-6-propenoic
acid) isolated from Brazilian propolis markedly inhibits the growth of MCF-7
human breast cancer cells. This effect was associated with inhibition of cell
cycle progression and induction of apoptosis. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with
PM-3 arrested cells in the G1 phase and resulted in a decrease in the protein
levels of cyclin D1 and cyclin E. PM-3 also inhibited the expression of cyclin
D1 at the transcriptional level when examined in cyclin D1 promoter luciferase
assays. Induction of apoptosis by PM-3 occurred within 48 hours after treatment
of MCF-7 cells. The MCF-7 treated cells also displayed a decrease in the level
of the estrogen receptor (ER) protein and inhibition of estrogen response
element (ERE) promoter activity. Therefore, PM-3 merits further investigation
with respect to breast cancer chemoprevention or therapy.
PMID: 11497245 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 32: Z Naturforsch [C]. 2001 Jan-Feb;56(1-2):82-8. |
Egyptian propolis:
1-antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of
Hegazi
AG, El Hady
FK.
Department of Parasitology, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
ahmedgaffer@mailer.suc.eun.eg
The antimicrobial activity of four propolis samples collected from
| 33: Phytomedicine. 2001 Jan;8(1):16-23. |
Hepatoprotective
and anti-Helicobacter pylori activities of constituents from Brazilian propolis.
Banskota AH,
Tezuka Y, Adnyana IK, Ishii E, Midorikawa K,
Matsushige K,
Kadota S.
Department of Natural Products
Chemistry, Institute of Natural Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical
University, Japan.
Propolis is a resinous hive product collected by honeybees from various plant
sources. It is extensively used in food, beverage and in folk medicine for
treating various ailments and reported to have broad spectrum of biological
activities. The hepatoprotective activity of propolis and constituents from
its MeOH extract belonging to various classes were tested on D-galactosamine
(D-GalN)/tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced cell death in primary
cultured mouse hepatocytes. The result indicated that hepatoprotective activity
of alcoholic extract of tropical Brazilian propolis is mainly due to phenolic
compounds including flavonoids. All the four isolated flavonoids possessed
stronger inhibitory activity (IC50, < 25 microM) than silibinin (IC50,
39.6 microM) on TNF-alpha-induced cell death. The labdane-type diterpenes
isolated from the MeOH extract also exhibited significant hepatoprotective
activity in the same experimental model. Moreover, the labdane-type diterpenes
and some of the prenylated phenolic compounds possessed antibacterial activity
against Helicobacter pylori.
PMID: 11292234 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 34: J Ethnopharmacol. 2001 Feb;74(2):105-12. |
Phenolic
compounds from Brazilian propolis with pharmacological activities.
Marcucci MC,
Ferreres F, Garcia-Viguera C,
Bankova VS, De Castro SL,
Dantas AP, Valente PH, Paulino N.
Laboratorio de Fitoquimica, CEBAS (CSIC) Apdo Correos 4195, 30080, Murcia,
Spain. mcmarcucci@hotmail.com
Four compounds were isolated from Brazilian propolis. They are identified
as: (1) 3-prenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (PHCA), (2) 2,2-dimethyl-6-carboxyethenyl-2H-1-benzopyrane
(DCBEN), (3) 3,5-diprenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (DHCA), and (4) 2,2-dimethyl-6-carboxyethenyl-8-prenyl-2H-1-benzopyran
(DPB). The structures of the
compounds were determined by MS and NMR techniques. All compounds were assayed
against Trypanosoma cruzi and the bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus faecalis. Compounds (1) to (4) were
active against T. cruzi. Except (1), all compounds presented activity against
the bacteria tested. When compounds (1)-(3) were tested in the guinea pig
isolated trachea, all induced a relaxant effect similar to propolis extract.
PMID: 11167028 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 35: Z Naturforsch [C]. 2000 Sep-Oct;55(9-10):790-3. |
Propolis from the
Mediterranean region: chemical composition and antimicrobial activity.
Velikova
M, Bankova
V, Sorkun
K, Houcine
S, Tsvetkova
I, Kujumgiev
A.
The chemical composition of propolis from
| 36: Fitoterapia. 2000 Dec;71(6):693-6. |
Antibacterial
ent-kaurene from Brazilian propolis of native stingless bees.
Velikova
M, Bankova
V, Tsvetkova
I, Kujumgiev
A, Marcucci
MC.
Three ent-kaurene diterpenoids, not previously described as constituents of
propolis, were isolated from a sample collected by Brazilian native bees Melipona
quadrifasciata anthidioides. One of them, kaurenoic acid, as well as the total
extract, displayed moderate antibacterial activity.
| 37: J Altern Complement Med. 2000 Oct;6(5):383-9. |
Detection of antimicrobials
in bee products with activity against viridans streptococci.
Tichy
J, Novak
J.
Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA.
OBJECTIVES: Bee products have been studied extensively for their healing properties
and have become part of cosmetic preparations and folk medicine. The major
objective of this study was to examine the presence of antimicrobials in various
bee products. DESIGN: Propolis, honeycomb lids, pollen, honeycombs, and honey
were screened for antimicrobial compounds. Viridans streptococci were used
as indicator strains. Ethanol extracts were applied onto paper disks, dried,
and put on the surface of nutrient agar plates with the overlay containing
viridans streptococci. The plates were then incubated and evaluated the next
day for the presence of inhibition zones. The size of the inhibition zone
represented a quantitative measure of antimicrobial activity in a sample.
Thin-layer chromatography was used for separation of compounds in the samples
and biodetection-an overlay with indicator strain-identified the antimicrobial
compounds by formation of inhibition zones. RESULTS: Ethanol extracts of propolis
and honeycomb lids, as well as honey containing honeycomb lids contained a
mixture of antimicrobial compounds in various amounts. Thin-layer chromatography
experiments with two different solvent systems differing in polarity suggested
that major antimicrobials present in the samples prepared from honeycomb lids,
honeycombs, pollen, and propolis have similar properties. These active compounds
were not extremely hydrophobic. CONCLUSIONS: Extracts from the tested samples
of bee products exhibited antimicrobial properties at various levels depending
on the sample and bacterial species used for testing. Using chromatographic
techniques, we demonstrated similar properties of the active compounds in
various active samples. In conclusion, our results suggest that honey containing
honeycomb lids may be a beneficial food supplement because of the presence
of antibacterial compounds.
PMID: 11059500 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 38: J Ethnopharmacol. 2000 Nov;73(1-2):243-9. |
Seasonal
effect on Brazilian propolis antibacterial activity.
Sforcin
JM, Fernandes
A Jr, Lopes
CA, Bankova
V, Funari
SR.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP, 18618-000,
SP, Botucatu, Brazil.
The behavior of microorganisms towards the antibiotic action of propolis has
been widely investigated. Since reports dealing with seasonal effect on propolis
activity are not available, this assay was carried out aiming to observe the
in vitro antimicrobial activity of propolis, collected during the four seasons,
on bacterial strains isolated from human infections. Dilution of ethanolic
extract of propolis (EEP) in agar was the method performed, with serial concentrations
ranging from 0.4 to 14.0% (% v/v). The behavior of some bacteria was analysed
according to the incubation period in medium plus propolis, and the survival
curve was plotted. It was verified that the growth of Gram-positive bacteria
is inhibited by low propolis concentrations (0.4%) whereas Gram-negative bacteria
were less susceptible to this substance, the minimal inhibitory concentration
ranging from 4.5 to 8.0%. There was no significant difference with regards
to the seasonal effect on the survival curve of Staphylococcus aureus and
Escherichia coli; after incubation with propolis, there was an efficient antimicrobial
action, mainly towards Gram-positive bacteria.
PMID: 11025162 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 39: Zentralbl Chir. 2000;125 Suppl 1:84-6. |
[From the history
of wound care]
[Article in German]
Benedum
J.
Institut fur Geschichte der Medizin,
Wound care in ancient times was based on many techniques: Bandages soaked
with antibiotics, Sutures continuous or in separate stitches, apply of poultices
around the wounds, honey and propolis as antibiotics in the treatment of wounds,
surgical drainage of pus with a piece of tin pipe etc. The oldest wound clamp
is shown with the jaws of ants holding together the edges of a wound. Finally
are discussed the cauterization and the principles of Antisepsis and Asepsis.
PMID: 10929654 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 40: Z Naturforsch [C]. 2000 Jan-Feb;55(1-2):70-5. |
Chemical composition
and antimicrobial activity of European propolis.
Hegazi
AG, Abd
El Hady FK, Abd
Allah FA.
Department of Parasitology, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
ahmedgaffer@frcu.eun.eg
Three propolis samples from
PMID: 10739103 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 41: Arch Oral Biol. 2000 Feb;45(2):141-8. |
In vitro
antimicrobial activity of propolis and Arnica
Koo
H, Gomes
BP, Rosalen
PL, Ambrosano
GM, Park
YK, Cury
JA.
Arnica and propolis have been used for thousands of years in folk medicine
for several purposes. They possess several biological activities such as anti-inflammatory,
antifungal, antiviral and tissue regenerative, among others. Although the
antibacterial activity of propolis has already been demonstrated, very few
studies have been done on bacteria of clinical relevance in dentistry. Also,
the antimicrobial activity of Arnica has not been extensively investigated.
Therefore the aim here was to evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial activity,
inhibition of adherence of mutans streptococci and inhibition of formation
of water-insoluble glucan by Arnica and propolis extracts. Arnica
| 42: Ophthalmic Res. 2000 Jan-Feb;32(1):13-8. |
The effect
of propolis extract in experimental chemical corneal injury.
Ozturk
F, Kurt
E, Cerci
M, Emiroglu
L, Inan
U, Turker
M, Ilker
S.
Department of Ophthalmology, Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine,
Manisa, Turkey. fozturk@bayar.edu.tr
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of propolis, a natural resin produced by
honeybees, in the treatment of alkali-injured rabbit eyes. METHOD: A corneal
alkali burn was induced by applying filter paper immersed in 1 N NaOH on the
central axis of the right corneas of 24 rabbits for 30 s. The animals were
divided into three treatment groups: group 1 (control) was given 0.3% tobramycin
and phosphate-buffered solution; group 2 was treated with antibiotic coverage
and topical 1% ethanolic extract of propolis; group 3 received antibiotic
coverage and topical 1% dexamethasone. The dexamethasone-treated group was
maintained as the positive control. Drugs were instilled 4 times a day for
7 days. The corneal inflammation was evaluated by calculating the average
inflammatory index obtained from clinical observation of the ciliary hyperemia,
central and peripheral corneal edema at 24 h, 48 h, on day 5 and day 7, before
sacrificing the animals. Then, the corneas underwent routine histological
examination. RESULTS: The effects of dexamethasone and propolis on healing
of injured corneas were similar (p>0.05) and significantly better than
controls at 24 h (p<0.01, p< 0.05, respectively), and on day 7 (p<0.05)
with respect to the inflammatory index. On histological observation, inflammatory
cell infiltration was lower as compared to control in both the dexamethasone
and propolis groups (p<0.001) and similar with each other (p>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that propolis has an anti-inflammatory effect
comparable to dexamethasone in chemical corneal injury. Copyright 2000 S.
Karger AG,
PMID: 10657750 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 43: J Ethnopharmacol. 1999 Dec 15;68(1-3):97-102. |
Screening of antibacterial
activity of Amaicha del Valle (
Nieva Moreno MI,
Isla MI, Cudmani NG, Vattuone MA,
Sampietro AR.
Catedra de Fitoquimica, Instituto de Estudios Vegetales, Facultad de Bioquimica,
Quimica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina.
Propolis is extensively used
in Argentine folk medicine. Alcoholic extracts of propolis from four localities
of Amaicha del Valle (El Paraiso,
| 44: Z Naturforsch [C]. 1999 Jul-Aug;54(7-8):549-53. |
Synergism between
ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) and anti-tuberculosis drugs on growth
of mycobacteria.
Scheller
S, Dworniczak
S, Waldemar-Klimmek
K, Rajca
M, Tomczyk
A, Shani
J.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Silesian Academy of Medicine, Zabrze-Rokitnica,
Poland.
Ethanolic extract of propolis exerts a strong anti-bacterial activity, in
addition to antifungal, antiviral and antiprotozoal properties. In previous
studies from these laboratories we have demonstrated that the intensity of
the bactericidal activity of EEP is correlated with the virulence of the mycobacteria
tested, and that EEP has a synergistic effect with antibiotics on growth of
staphylococcus aureus. In the present study we investigated whether the same
synergism and correlation exists between EEP and some anti-tuberculosis drugs
on tuberculosis mycobacteria with different degrees of virulence. Six standard
strains and 11 wild strains of mycobacteria were exposed for 30 days to EEP,
with or without streptomycin, rifamycin, isoniazid or ethambutol. Out of the
17 strains, 8 were resistant to at least two standard antibiotics, and were
considered "multi-resistant strains". The rest were either susceptible
or resistant to only one of the antimycobacterial drugs. Antagonism was recorded
only in one case, when Staphylococcus aureus were treated with a mixture of
EEP and ethambutol, suggesting that a chemical bond could have been formed
between this anti-tuberculosis antibiotic and one of the active components
of the ethanol extract of propolis.
PMID: 10488563 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 45: Z Naturforsch [C]. 1999 May-Jun;54(5-6):401-5. |
Phytochemical evidence
for the plant origin of Brazilian propolis from Sao Paulo state.
Bankova
V, Boudourova-Krasteva
G, Sforcin
JM, Frete
X, Kujumgiev
A, Maimoni-Rodella
R, Popov
S.
Propolis and plant secretions from three species, most frequently mentioned
as botanical sources of the bee glue in Brazil (Baccharis dracunculifolia,
Araucaria angustifolia and Eucalyptus citriodora) have been investigated using
GC-MS. Based on chemical evidence, B. dracunculifolia was shown to be the
main propolis source in Sao Paulo state. The antibacterial and antifungal
activities of all four materials were also tested, the most active being propolis
and Baccharis leaf exudate.
| 46: J Nat Prod. 1999 Jul;62(7):1013-5. |
A polyisoprenylated
benzophenone from Cuban propolis.
Rubio OC, Cuellar Cuellar A,
Rojas N, Castro HV, Rastrelli L,
Aquino R.
Institute for Pharmacy and Food
(IFAL), University of
A novel polyisoprenylated benzophenone (1) has been isolated from an ethanol
extract of Cuban propolis. Its structure has been determined using high-field
2D NMR techniques. Compound 1 showed significant antimicrobial and antifungal
activity against a variety of bacteria and yeasts.
| 47: Int J Mol Med. 1999 Jul;4(1):29-32. |
Apoptosis induced
by propolis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.
Choi
YH, Lee
WY, Nam
SY, Choi
KC, Park
YE.
Department of Pathology,
Propolis has been reported to exhibit a wide spectrum of activities including
antibiotic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulatory and tumor carcinostatic
properties. We showed propolis induced apoptosis in a human hepatoma cell
line (SNU449) by FITC-Annexin V/PI staining. We also compared the apoptosis
inducing effect between Korean and Commercial (Sigma # p-1010) propolis. There
was no difference on apoptosis between them.
PMID: 10373633 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 48: J Ethnopharmacol. 1999 Mar;64(3):235-40. |
Antibacterial,
antifungal and antiviral activity of propolis of different geographic origin.
Kujumgiev
A, Tsvetkova
I, Serkedjieva
Y, Bankova
V, Christov
R, Popov
S.
Propolis samples from different geographic origins were investigated for their
antibacterial (against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli), antifungal
(against Candida albicans) and antiviral (against Avian influenza virus) activities.
All samples were active against the fungal and Gram-positive bacterial test
strains, and most showed antiviral activity. The activities of all samples
were similar in spite of the differences in their chemical composition. In
samples from the temperate zone, flavonoids and esters of phenolic acids are
known to be responsible for the above mentioned activities of bee glue; tropical
samples did not contain such substances but showed similar activities. Obviously,
in different samples, different substance combinations are essential for the
biological activity of the bee glue. It seems that propolis has general pharmacological
value as a natural mixture and not as a source of new powerful antimicrobial,
antifungal and antiviral compounds.
| 49: Food Chem Toxicol. 1998 Apr;36(4):347-63. |
Review of
the biological properties and toxicity of bee propolis (propolis).
Burdock
GA.
Burdock and Associates, Vero Beach, FL 32963, USA.
Propolis is a multifunctional material used by bees in the construction and
maintenance of their hives. Use of propolis by humans has a long history,
predated only by the discovery of honey. Use of products containing propolis
have resulted in extensive dermal contact and it is now increasingly being
used a dietary supplement. Unlike many 'natural' remedies, there is a substantive
database on the biological activity and toxicity of propolis indicating it
may have many antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral and antitumour properties,
among other attributes. Although reports of allergic reactions are not uncommon,
propolis is relatively non-toxic, with a no-effect level (NOEL) in a 90-mouse
study of 1400 mg/kg body weight/day.
Publication Types:
· Review
PMID: 9651052 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 50: Curr Microbiol. 1998 Jan;36(1):24-8. |
Antimicrobial
activity of propolis on oral microorganisms.
Park
YK, Koo
MH, Abreu
JA, Ikegaki
M, Cury
JA, Rosalen
PL.
Formation of dental caries is caused by the colonization and accumulation
of oral microorganisms and extracellular polysaccharides that are synthesized
from sucrose by glucosyltransferase of Streptococcus mutans. The production
of glucosyltransferase from oral microorganisms was attempted, and it was
found that Streptococcus mutans produced highest activity of the enzyme. Ethanolic
extracts of propolis (EEP) were examined whether EEP inhibit the enzyme activity
and growth of the bacteria or not. All EEP from various regions in
| 51: Microbiol Res. 1997 Sep;152(3):239-46. |
Antimicrobial action
of propolis and some of its components: the effects on growth, membrane potential
and motility of bacteria.
Mirzoeva
OK, Grishanin
RN, Calder
PC.
Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
The effect of the natural bee product propolis on the physiology of microorganisms
was investigated using B. subtilis, E. coli and R. sphaeroides. An ethanolic
extract of propolis had a bactericidal effect caused by the presence of very
active, but labile, ingredients. The exact bactericidal effect of propolis
was species dependent: it was effective against gram-positive and some gram-negative
bacteria. Propolis and some of its cinnamic and flavonoid components were
found to uncouple the energy transducing cytoplasmic membrane and to inhibit
bacterial motility. These effects on the bioenergetic status of the membrane
may contribute to the antimicrobial action of propolis and its observed synergism
with selected antibiotics.
PMID: 9352659 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 52: Z Naturforsch [C]. 1996 May-Jun;51(5-6):277-80. |
Antibacterial diterpenic
acids from Brazilian propolis.
Bankova
V, Marcucci
MC, Simova
S, Nikolova
N, Kujumgiev
A, Popov
S.
Four labdane-type diterpenic acids and syringaldehyde were isolated and identified
from Brazilian propolis. All the compounds exhibit antibacterial activity.
The diterpenes, found for the first time in propolis, are typical for some
Araucaria species and thus indicate a possible plant source of Brazilian propolis.
| 53: Z Naturforsch [C]. 1995 Mar-Apr;50(3-4):167-72. |
Chemical composition
and antibacterial activity of Brazilian propolis.
Bankova
V, Christov
R, Kujumgiev
A, Marcucci
MC, Popov
S.
Four samples of Brazilian propolis were investigated by GC/MS of different
fractions. 32 volatile compounds, (10 of them new for propolis), as well as
12 more polar compounds (one of them new for propolis) were identified. Antibacterial
activity was found in some propolis fractions.
PMID: 7766255 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 54: Planta Med. 1994 Jun;60(3):222-7. |
Electron microscopic
and microcalorimetric investigations of the possible mechanism of the antibacterial
action of a defined propolis provenance.
Takaisi-Kikuni
NB, Schilcher
H.
Department de Microbiologie, Faculte de Pharmacie, Universite de Kinshasa,
Zaire.
Microcalorimetric and electron microscopic studies on the mode of the antibacterial
action of propolis were performed on Streptococcus agalactiae. It was shown
that propolis inhibits bacterial growth by preventing cell division, thus
resulting in the formation of pseudo-multicellular streptococci. In addition,
propolis disorganized the cytoplasm, the cytoplasmic membrane, and the cell
wall, caused a partial bacteriolysis, and inhibited protein synthesis. It
was evident that the mechanism of action of propolis on bacterial cells is
complex and a simple analogy cannot be made to the mode of action of any classic
antibiotics.
PMID: 8073087 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 55: Z Naturforsch [C]. 1994 Jan-Feb;49(1-2):39-43. |
Biochemical activities
of propolis-extracts. III. Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase.
Strehl
E, Volpert
R, Elstner
EF.
Institut fur Botanik und Mikrobiologie, Biochemisches Labor, Technische Universitat
Munchen.
Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the natural compound PROPOLIS indicate substantial
antiinflammatory functions as well as antibiotic activities in vitro and in
vivo. The exact mode of physiological or biochemical mechanisms responsible
for the medical effects, however, is all but clear. The standardization on
the basis of quantitative determination of prominent components of these extracts
have been substituted recently by simple biochemical model reactions including
photodynamic properties. In this communication we report on the inhibitory
activity of an aqueous extract of propolis on the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase.
This activity may at least partially be due to the content of caffeic acid,
as revealed by HPLC chromatography and comparative activity tests of representative
ingredients of the propolis extract. This result may explain some of the protective
functions of propolis, similar to those shown for several "non-steroidal
antiinflammatory drugs", NSAIDs.
PMID: 8148008 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 56: Pharmazie. 1993 Oct;48(10):785-6. |
Antibacterial activity
of propolis, some of its components and their analogs.
Kujumgiev
A, Bankova
V, Ignatova
A, Popov
S.
| 57: Arzneimittelforschung. 1993 Aug;43(8):921-3. |
Bactericidal effect
of propolis in vitro against agents causing upper respiratory tract infections.
Focht
J, Hansen
SH, Nielsen
JV, van
den Berg-Segers A, Riezler
R.
Bioscientia, Institute for Laboratory Medicine,
Propolis is a natural product of bees which exhibits an antimicrobial effect.
In the study the existence of a bactericidal effect against several strains
isolated from patients with infections in their upper respiratory tracts is
demonstrated. In light of the use of propolis as a therapeutic agent in natural
medicine for common colds and inflammatory processes this effect is discussed.
| 58: Arzneimittelforschung. 1993 May;43(5):607-9. |
Synergistic effect
of ethanolic extract of propolis and antibiotics on the growth of staphylococcus
aureus.
Krol
W, Scheller
S, Shani
J, Pietsz
G, Czuba
Z.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Silesian School of Medicine, Zabrze-Rokitnica,
Poland.
Ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP), known to possess marked antibacterial
activity, was incubated with 8 different common antibiotics in culture medium
containing a fixed amount of a standard strain of Staphylococcus aureus. The
antibiotic compounds used were: penicillin G, doxycycline, streptomycin, cloxacillin,
chloramphenicol, cefradine, ampicillin and polymyxin B. They were used in
varying levels, ranging between 0.000005-125.0 micrograms/ml or units, resp.
Firstly, their minimal inhibitory concentrations were established in the absence
of EEP, than EEP was added in concentrations up to 600 micrograms/ml. EEP
had a marked synergistic effect on the antibacterial activity of streptomycin
and cloxacillin, and a moderate synergistic effect on the others, except ampicillin.
PMID: 8329008 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 59: Chem Biol Interact. 1992 Nov 16;84(3):277-90. |
Effect of caffeic
acid esters on carcinogen-induced mutagenicity and human colon adenocarcinoma
cell growth.
Rao
CV, Desai
D, Kaul
B, Amin
S, Reddy
BS.
Division of Nutritional Carcinogenesis, American Health Foundation, Valhalla,
New York.
Propolis, a honey bee hive product, is thought to exhibit a broad spectrum
of activities including antibiotic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and tumor
growth inhibition; some of the observed biological activities may be due to
caffeic acid (cinnamic acid) esters that are present in propolis. In the present
study we synthesized three caffeic acid esters, namely methyl caffeate (MC),
phenylethyl caffeate (PEC) and phenylethyl dimethylcaffeate (PEDMC) and tested
them against the 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl, (DMAB, a colon and mammary
carcinogen)-induced mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98 and
TA 100. Also, the effect of these agents on the growth of human colon adenocarcinoma,
HT-29 cells and activities of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and protein tyrosine
kinase (PTK) was studied. Mutagenicity was induced in Salmonella typhimurium
strains TA 98 and TA 100 plus S9 activation using 5 and 10 micrograms DMAB
and antimutagenic activities of 0-150 microM MC, 0-60 microM PEC and 0-80
microM PEDMC were determined. The results indicate that MC, PEC and PEDMC
were not mutagenic in the Salmonella tester system. DMAB-induced mutagenicity
was significantly inhibited with 150 microM MC, 40-60 microM PEC and 40-80
microM PEDMC in both tester systems. Treatment of HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma
cells with > 150 microM MC, 30 microM PEC and 20 microM PEDMC significantly
inhibited the cell growth and syntheses of RNA, DNA and protein. ODC and PTK
activities were also inhibited in HT-29 cells treated with different concentrations
of MC, PEC and PEDMC. These results demonstrate that caffeic acid esters which
are present in Propolis possess chemopreventive properties when tested in
short-term assay systems.
PMID: 1423745 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 60: J Ethnopharmacol. 1991 Oct;35(1):77-82. |
Antibacterial, antifungal,
antiamoebic, antiinflammatory and antipyretic studies on propolis bee products.
Dobrowolski JW,
Vohora SB, Sharma K, Shah SA, Naqvi SA, Dandiya PC.
PMID: 1753797 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 61: Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1991 Aug;16(8):481-2, 512. |
[Isolation and identification
of antibiotic constituents of propolis from
[Article in Chinese]
Qiao
Z, Chen
R.
Sinapic acid, isoferulic acid, caffeic acid and chrysin were isolated from
the alcoholic extraction of propolis and identified by spectrometric methods.
The first three compounds were shown with inhibitive effect of against Staphylococcus
aureus, while chrysin was ineffective.
| 62: J R Soc Med. 1990 Mar;83(3):159-60. |
Antibacterial properties
of propolis (bee glue).
Grange
JM, Davey
RW.
Department of Microbiology, National Heart & Lung Institute, London.
Propolis (bee glue) was found to have antibacterial activity against a range
of commonly encountered cocci and Gram-positive rods, including the human
tubercle bacillus, but only limited activity against Gram-negative bacilli.
These findings confirm previous reports of antimicrobial properties of this
material, possibly attributable to its high flavonoid content.
Publication Types:
· Review
PMID: 2182860 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 63: Microbios. 1990;62(250):19-22. |
Antibiotic activity
of natural products: 1. Propolis.
Brumfitt
W, Hamilton-Miller
JM, Franklin
I.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Royal Free Hospital, Hampstead, London,
Great Britain.
Material extracted from propolis (bee glue) by alkaline aqueous solvents or
organic solvents showed weak inhibitory activity in vitro against certain
species of Gram-positive bacteria. No antimicrobial activity was detected
in urine from three volunteers who had taken 500 mg propolis three times a
day for 3 days.
PMID: 2110610 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 64: Przegl Dermatol. 1985 May-Jun;72(3):253-6. |
[Role of allergens
causing skin lesions in humans in the development of allergy in dogs. IV.
Contact allergens]
[Article in Polish]
Pomorski
Z, Rudzki
E.
PMID: 4081070 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 65: Vestn Otorinolaringol. 1983 Nov-Dec;(6):47-50. |
[Combined effect
of propolis and different antibiotics on Staphylococci]
[Article in Russian]
Sytnik
IA, Kovalik
PV.
PMID: 6659261 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 66: Minerva Med. 1983 Sep 15;74(35):2029-32. |
[Bacteriological
and clinical notes on otitis externa in saturation. Double-blind study on
the efficacy of prophylactic and therapeutic preparations]
[Article in Italian]
Marroni
A, Arduini
R, Conti
S.
Microbiological analysis of the variation in the bacterial flora of the external
auditory canal was carried out during 39 immersion in saturated solutions.
A double blind test on the usefulness of prophylactic and therapeutic preparations
was also carried out. Prophylactics. - 5% Al acetate in H2O (P1), Boric alcohol
(P2), lactic acid in H2O (P3, Domeboro (P4), no prophylactic (P0). After the
immersions, a significant increase in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Candida Albicans
(p less than 0,01) was noted in the auricular bacterial flora. Gram positive
bacteria in general were considerably reduced (p less than 0,01). Gram negative
bacteria other than pseudomonas. A (p less than 0,3) and coagulase negative
straphylococci (p less than 0,03) did not vary significantly. Prophylactic
preparations P1 and P2 were shown to be significantly more effective than
P3, P4 and P0 in preventing the symptomatology (p less than 0,01). The most
effective therapeutic preparation was found to be a locally applied gentamycinpolymixin
association.
Publication Types:
PMID: 6412179 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 67: Stomatol Vjesn. 1983;12(3-4):139-42. |
[Scientific findings
on propolis and its application in medicine]
[Article in Croatian]
Hajdaragic-Ibricevic
H.
PMID: 6592856 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 68: Pharmazie. 1982 Dec;37(12):864-5. |
Growth inhibition
of bacillus subtilis and composition of various propolis extracts.
Pepeljnjak
S, Jalsenjak
I, Maysinger
D.
The composition of 31 samples of propolis extract was investigated by using
TLC. Ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) prepared from the various propolis
samples differ mainly in quantities of identified compounds, and not in kind
of components present. According to the inhibitory activity against Bacillus
subtilis, the propolis samples were grouped in three categories. It appears
that the galangin content in a sample is a main constituent, which determines
its antibacterial activity.
PMID: 6819589 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 69: Antibiotiki. 1981 Apr;26(4):268-71. |
[Effect of propolis
on Staphylococcus aureus strains resistant to antibiotics]
[Article in Russian]
Shub
TA, Kagramanova
KA, Voropaeva
SD, Kivman
GIa.
The activity of propolis and its combinations with antibiotics against antibiotic
resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus was studied. It was found that
staphylococcae strains resistant to benzylpenicillin, tetracycline and erythromycin
were mainly sensitive to propolis. It is concluded that there was synergism
in the effect of propolis and antibiotics with respect to antibiotic resistant
strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
PMID: 7235666 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 70: Cesk Stomatol. 1980 Jul;80(4):304-7. |
[Antibacterial properties
of propolis]
[Article in Slovak]
Madarova
L.
PMID: 6931664 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 71: Stomatologiia (Mosk). 1980 Jun;59(3):61. |
[Stomapin in the
overall treatment of parodontosis and oral mucosal diseases]
[Article in Russian]
Metrik
AZ.
PMID: 6930731 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 72: Pharmazie. 1979;34(2):103-6. |
[Identification
of an antimicrobially active constituent isolated from propolis (author's
transl)]
[Article in German]
Schneidewind
EM, Buge
A, Kala
H, Metzner
J, Zschunke
A.
On isolating and identifying antimicrobially active propolis constituents,
the authors detected a substance that must be regarded as a mixture of caffeic
acid esters. The caffeic acid moiety was unequivocally identified by various
chemical and spectroscopic methods. The results obtained from the gas chromatographic
study of the alcohol fraction after hydrolysis of the isolated compound identify
benzyl alcohol, phenyl ethyl alcohol and cinnamic alcohol as ester components.
Furthermore, the mass spectroscopic findings are indicative of the presence
of a caffeic acid pentenyl ester in the mixture. Attempts to separate this
ester mixture by recrystallization and thin-layer chromatography failed.
PMID: 441103 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 73: Stomatologiia (Sofiia). 1979 Jan-Feb;61(1):18-22. |
[Clinical results
of the treatment of parodontosis with propolis and lincomycin]
[Article in Bulgarian]
Goranov
K, Zarankova
V, Velcheva
M.
PMID: 299294 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 74: Pharmazie. 1979;34(2):97-102. |
[On the antimicrobial
activity of propolis and propolis constituents (author's transl)]
[Article in German]
Metzner
J, Bekemeier
H, Paintz
M, Schneidewind
E.
After a survey of the literature on the antimicrobial activity of the bee
product propolis, the authors discuss their own findings as compared to the
chemotherapeutical agents streptomycin, oxytetracycline, chloramphenicol,
nystatin, griseofulvin and sulphamerazine. According to the results obtained
by testing 25 isolated constituents on Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus,
Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, the antimicrobial properties
of this mixture of natural substances are mainly attributable to the flavonoids
pinocembrin, galangin, pinobanksin, pinobanksin-3-acetate as well as to the
p-coumaric acid benzyl ester and a caffeic acid ester mixture. None of the
isolated substances was as potent as the antibiotics tested for the purpose
of comparison. The relatively good antimycetic activity of the 5,7-dihydroxyflavanone
pinocembrin seems noteworthy. Finally, possible mechanisms of the antimicrobial
action of the flavonoids are discussed.
PMID: 108687 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 75: Mykosen. 1978 Aug;21(8):257-62. |
[Effect of pinocembrin
on the course of experimental candida infections in mice]
[Article in German]
Metzner
J, Schneidewind
EM.
Pinocembrin (5,7-dihydroxy-flavanon)--a component of the bee product propolis--was
tested for its in vivo activity against Candida albicans in mice. It was shown
that the intravenous infection of AB-Jena mice with 2.5 X 10(5) Candida albicans
cells was a very suitable model. Despite of treatment with pinocembrin at
daily doses of 100 mg/kg body weight the animals as well as the controls died
between the 6th and 24th day after beginning. On the other hand the animals
treated with 5 mg/kg amphotericin B survived the test-period of 30 days. The
question of effectiveness of pinocembrin in vivo should be cleared up in further
pharmacokinetic investigations.
PMID: 692545 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 76: Nord Vet Med. 1977 Oct;29(10):446-51. |
A new selective
medium for the isolation of Listeria monocytogenes.
Gronstol
H, Aspoy
E.
A new selective medium for the isolation of Listeria monocytogenes (Lm), is
described. The medium contained propolis, nalidixic acid, polymyxin B and
rivanol as selective substances. The new medium (propolis-agar) was compared
with two other selective media and one nonselective medium. No inhibitory
effect was found on the 6 strains of Lm tested, and Lm was easily isolated
from a mixture of Lm and contaminating bacteria. The selective effect was
better than for the two other selective media tested.
PMID: 411112 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 77: Nord Vet Med. 1977 Oct;29(10):440-5. |
[Selective effect
of propolis in the isolation of Listeria monocytogenes (author's transl)]
[Article in Norwegian]
Aspoy
E.
Propolis is a substance produced by honeybees. It is inhibitory to some bacteria
species, mainly Gram-positive bacteria, but less inhibitory to Listeria monocytogenes
(L.m) than to the other Gram-positive bacteria tested. In order to obtain
selective growth of L.m. from contaminated samples, the effect of propolis
in plating media and broths on various strains of bacteria was examined. Table
I shows the effect of increasing concentrations of propolis in tryptose-agar
(TA). L.m. tolerated higher concentrations of propolis than Streptococcus
viridans and Staphylococcus aureus. L.m. grew well in tryptosebroth (TB) that
contained 0.15 mg propolis pr. ml medium, while Streptococcus viridans and
Streptococcus agalactiae were completely inhibited as seen in Table II. Table
III shows that when serum was added to the agar, the inhibitory effect was
reduced. It can also be seen that Gram-negative bacteria grew quite well on
media that contained 0.19 mg propolis pr. ml. To reduce the growth of Gram-negative
bacteria, nalidixic acid was added to the medium. Table IV illustrates growth
of various species of bacteria in tryptosephosphatebroth (TFB) with or without
propolis and nalidixic acid. Most of the strains tested were inhibited, but
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to some extent faecal streptococci were able to
grow in the medium that contained the selective substances. As a conclusion
it seems that propolis may be a valuable additive to a medium for the selective
isolation of L.m.
PMID: 411111 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 78: Zh Ushn Nos Gorl Bolezn. 1977 Jul-Aug;(4):82-3. |
[Bacterial flora
and its sensitivity to propolis and antibiotics in acute and chronic highmoritis]
[Article in Russian]
Kovalik
PV.
PMID: 930362 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 79: Arzneimittelforschung. 1977 Jul;27(7):1395. |
Biological properties
and clinical application of propolis. III. Investigation of the sensitivity
of Staphylococci isolated from pathological cases to ethanol extract of propolis
(EEP). Attempts on inducing resistance in laboratory Staphylococcus strain
to EEP.
Scheller
S, Tustanowski
J, Kurylo
B, Paradowski
Z, Obuszko
Z.
Staphylococci isolated from pathological material exhibited a reduced sensitivity
to ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) in 90% of cases. No cross-resistance
of the staphylococci to EEP and to any commonly used antibiotics was found.
The induction of resistance to EEP in laboratory strain of Staphylococcus
aureus (Oxford 209 P) can be achieved already after serial passages on nutrient
media containing EEP. Culturing Staphylococcus resistant to EEP in an environment
devoid of this compound caused a remission to sensitivity of the strain investigated.
PMID: 578459 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 80: Antibiotiki. 1976 May;21(5):422-3. |
[Fractionation of
the mixture of volatile with steam components of propolis and the study of
their antimicrobial activity]
[Article in Russian]
Kivalkina
VP, Rybkina
NI, Barskov
AA, Geras'kin
IM, Talan
VA.
PMID: 828845 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 81: Pharmazie. 1975 Dec;30(12):799-800. |
[Bioautographic
detection of the antimicrobial active constituents of propolis]
[Article in German]
Metzner
J, Bekemeier
H, Schneidewind
E, Schwaiberger
R.
PMID: 815918 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 82: Dermatol Monatsschr. 1973 Apr;159(4):443-9. |
[Microbiological,
pharmacological and clinical studies on the efficiency of propolis]
[Article in German]
Bekemeier
H, Braun
W, Friedrich
E, Kala
H, Metzner
J, Schneidewind
E, Schwaiberger
R, Wozniak
KD.
PMID: 4726636 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 83: Antibiotiki. 1973 Mar;18(3):261-3. |
[Study of combined
effect of antibiotics and propolis]
[Article in Russian]
Kivalkina
VP, Gosrshumova
VI.
PMID: 4587465 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| 84: Antibiotiki. 1973 Mar;18(3):259-61. |
[Synergistic effects
of propolis and some antibacterial agents]
[Article in Russian]
Cherniak
NF.
PMID: 4587464 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]